Whole-Genome Identification and Investigation of DNA Methylation Sites in <i>Nosema ceranae</i>

DNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification involved in various biological processes. However, its role in <i>Nosema ceranae</i> remains poorly understood. In this study, we employed Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing to identify whole-genome DNA methylation patterns in <i>N. ceranae</i>. A total of 140,711 CpG sites, 170,035 CHG sites, and 1,053,635 CHH sites were detected. Methylation was also observed at varying levels in repetitive genomic regions and different gene regions. Furthermore, three 5mC motifs were identified. These findings provide a foundation for investigation the epigenetic regulatory roles and mechanisms of DNA methylation in <i>N. ceranae</i>.