Research progress on non-invasive testing of endometrial receptivity

Endometrial receptivity plays a crucial role in the process of embryo implantation and is a key factor affecting the success rate of assisted reproductive technology. Traditional ultrasound assessment of endometrial receptivity has poor accuracy. The development of endometrial receptivity array (ERA) detection technology and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based molecular testing for endometrial receptivity has enabled personalized embryo transfer (pET) for some patients based on test results. However, as an invasive testing technique, this method requires abandoning embryo transfer during the examination cycle. With the advancement of molecular diagnostics and omics technologies, a series of novel detection methods have emerged. Studies on the transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipidomics of endometrial fluid can, to some extent, also reflect endometrial receptivity. This article primarily reviews the latest research progress in non-invasive RNA-seq-based endometrial receptivity testing (nirsERT).