Research Progress of Interstitial Lung Disease Based on Single-Cell Sequencing Technology

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) refers to a collection of respiratory conditions characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma, alveolar irritation, and fibrosis of the interstitial tissue. Traditional research methods are often unable to completely reveal the complex mechanism of ILD occurrence and development. However, advancements in single-cell sequencing technology in recent years have opened up a novel avenue for investigating ILD. This review summarizes recent single-cell-sequencing advances in the major interstitial lung diseases-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pneumoconiosis, and connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD)-and outlines future research priorities.