A chromosome-level genome assembly of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum

Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), commonly known as the greenbug, is a major pest of cereal crops. It causes significant yield losses through direct phloem feeding and efficient transmission of crop viruses. Despite its agricultural importance, genomic resources for S. graminum have remained limited, hindering in-depth studies of its rapid environmental adaptation, insecticide resistance, and exceptional virus-vectoring capacity. Here, we present the first high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly for S. graminum. The assembled genome spans 380.30 Mb, with 379.43 Mb (99.77%) successfully anchored to four pseudochromosomes. It exhibits high continuity, with scaffold and contig N50 values of 105.17 Mb and 48.79 Mb, respectively, and a BUSCO completeness of 97.10%. This genomic assembly provides a valuable resource for comparative genomics, evolutionary studies, and functional studies in aphids. It also establishes a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying virulence, host specialization, and virus transmission in S. graminum.