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<h4>Background</h4>Breast cancer (BC) is a critical cause of cancer-related death globally. The heterogeneity of BC subtypes poses challenges in understanding molecular mechanisms, early diagnosis, and disease management. Recent studies suggest that integrating multi-omics layers can …
Read PDFThe incidence of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) among young people is rising alarmingly. In recent years, new protocols have been introduced for the management of LARC, some of which are associated with the risk …
Read PDFWhen using traditional approaches, such as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, the entire cellular or molecular response to drugs in the body cannot be fully ascertained or established. The oral medication process involves pharmacokinetics, followed by oral …
Read PDFGastrointestinal tumors pose a significant clinical challenge due to their high heterogeneity and the difficulties in early diagnosis. The article systematically reviews the latest advances in multi-omics technologies in gastrointestinal tumor research, focusing on their …
Read PDFCutaneous melanoma represents a paradigm of immunological complexity, where multifactorial primary and acquired resistance often undermine the clinical efficacy of conventional immune checkpoint blockades and targeted therapies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the …
Read PDFOvarian function is critically dependent on tightly coordinated cellular energy metabolism, which governs follicular development, oocyte competence, and reproductive longevity. Increasing evidence indicates that metabolic dysregulation, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative imbalance, and impaired NAD<sup>+</sup> metabolism, …
Read PDFEsca is one of the most damaging fungal diseases of grapevine and continues to defy Koch's postulates. Although Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium minimum, and Fomitiporia mediterranea are consistently associated with wood necrosis in esca-symptomatic vines, they …
Read PDFRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by variable clinical manifestations and a complex, often unpredictable disease trajectory, which hinders early diagnosis and personalized treatment. This review highlights recent breakthroughs in biomarker discovery, …
Read PDFAnaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction that presents significant challenges in both clinical practice and scientific research. While individual omics studies have provided valuable insights into the genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and metabolic alterations …
Read PDFMetabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease, reflect multifactorial interactions among diet, host genetics, the environment, and the gut microbiome. However, conventional population-level dietary guidance often fails to capture …
Read PDFEndometriosis affects an estimated 5-10% of women of reproductive age and presents with substantial clinical and biological heterogeneity. Recent clinical guidelines have shifted toward symptom-guided diagnosis supported by expert imaging, moving away from mandatory diagnostic …
Read PDFIntra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is common in malignant tumors and arises from dynamic variations across genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolic, and microenvironmental factors. This complexity drives tumor evolution and treatment resistance, undermining the accuracy of clinical …
Read PDFInteractions among plant roots, soil, and microorganisms in the rhizosphere regulate nutrient cycling, plant health, and ecosystem resilience. Recent advances in DNA sequencing and multi-omics are contributing to a shift from primarily descriptive surveys toward …
Read PDFImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have reshaped oncology, yet overall response rates remain modest and resistance is common, driven by tumor heterogeneity and evolving tumor-immune crosstalk. Established biomarkers (PD-L1, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability) provide incomplete …
Read PDFType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex, multifactorial metabolic disorder, and while bariatric surgery has emerged as a promising intervention for obesity-related T2D with significant metabolic benefits, its long-term durability and potential for remission vary …
Read PDFImmune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have transformed the management of advanced lung cancer, yet most patients experience primary resistance, hyperprogressive disease (HPD), or …
Read PDF<h4>Introduction</h4>Determining when the onset of a respiratory infection occurred is important for effective clinical management and can aid in mapping transmission events. However, current diagnostic assays report only pathogen detection status and do not provide …
Read PDFPhosphorus (P) management faces a dual crisis of resource depletion and eutrophication, underscoring the need for a sustainable P cycling model. This review systematically elaborates on the microorganism-driven "Mobilization, Retention and Buffering" (MRB) strategy to …
Read PDFSauce-flavor Baijiu owes its layered aroma to a diverse microbial consortium fermenting under extreme, open, solid-state conditions. High-throughput sequencing has revealed marked spatiotemporal heterogeneity in community composition, yet a fundamental composition-function disconnect persists: bulk omics …
Read PDFMetagenomics has enabled the understanding of the microbial composition and functional potential in various environments. Using laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technology, we report high-quality microbial single-cell genomes or transcriptomes in complex samples such as mouse …
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