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Neurons exhibit region-specific identities corresponding to functional distinctions across different brain areas. Region-restricted neural stem cells (NSCs) have previously been generated from pluripotent stem cells; however, maintaining their regional identity over extended passages remains challenging. …
Read PDFBacterial small RNA are important context-sensitive regulators of gene expression, especially in highly pathogenic bacteria, often controlling virulence. The number of predicted small RNA (sRNA) entries in public repositories has grown exponentially, contrasting with the …
Read PDFDespite its established role in breast cancer treatment, Doxorubicin treatment remains subject to adaptive resistance mechanisms that extend beyond cancer cell intrinsic alterations ultimately reducing therapy efficacy. Our study in a MMTV-PyMT-driven mouse breast cancer …
Read PDFOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality, and reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and risk stratification are still lacking. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate …
Read PDFWhile central circuits governing sleep are well-studied, the contribution of signaling from peripheral tissues remains a critical yet less understood aspect of sleep regulation. The highly conserved RNA-binding protein Pumilio (Pum) is a post-transcriptional regulator …
Read PDF<h4>Introduction</h4>The genus <i>Sanicula</i> L. is a taxonomically complicated taxa within Apiaceae, as its high variability in morphology. Although taxonomists have performed several taxonomic revisions for this genus, the interspecific relationships and species boundaries have not …
Read PDF<h4>Background</h4>Volvocales in green algae have evolved by multicellularity of Chlamydomonas-like unicellular ancestor. Those with various cell numbers exist, such as unicellular Chlamydomonas, four-celled Tetrabaena, and Volvox species with different cell numbers (~1,000, ~5,000, and ~10,000). …
Read PDFOrchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) associations in the Orchidaceae are thought to have been a major driver of diversification in the family. In the terrestrial orchid tribe Diurideae, it has long been hypothesized that OMF symbiont …
Read PDF<i>Brachypodium sylvaticum</i> is a perennial woodland grass selected as a model species for perenniality, which is widely distributed across the Palearctic. This plant forms a symbiosis with the endophytic fungus <i>Epichloë sylvatica</i>. Despite its widespread …
Read PDF<h4>Background</h4>This study investigates the hypolipidemic effects of a mixed extract of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> and <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> (USCP119) in HFD-fed hamsters and in vitro cellular models.<h4>Methods</h4>Over an 8-week period, HFD-fed hamsters were assigned to one of …
Read PDFBacteria span Earth's ecosystems, coupling ecological versatility with genome-architectural reconfiguration across shifting physicochemical conditions. Yet the genomic routes by which free-living lineages cross ecosystem boundaries, and the consequences for genome architecture, remain poorly understood. Here, …
Read PDFMultiple sequence alignment trimming can help improve phylogenetic signal and reduce computational load. ClipKIT trims multiple sequence alignments by retaining phylogenetically informative sites and removing all others. Here, we present a web browser application for …
Read PDFThe complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Paragorgia papillata</i> Li et al. 2021, a deep-sea gorgonian inhabiting at 858 m in Caroline Ridge, was obtained in this study. The length of the mitochondrial genome is 19,018 bp …
Read PDF<h4>Background</h4>Existing software for comparison of species delimitation models do not provide a (true) metric or distance functions between species delimitation models, nor a way to compare these models in terms of relative clustering differences along …
Read PDF<i>Androsace cantabrica</i> (Losa & P. Monts.) Kress is a narrow endemic alpine plant restricted to a few high-elevation localities in the Cantabrian Mountains of northern Spain. Although currently accepted as a distinct species, its close …
Read PDF<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>elymi</i> (<i>Pse</i>) is a specialized forma specialis of stripe rust infecting <i>Elymus dahuricus</i>, yet its mitochondrial evolution remains poorly understood. In this study, we assembled the complete mitogenome of <i>Pse</i> using …
Read PDFSystematics studies within the freshwater red algal order Batrachospermales have used only one to a few genes to infer evolutionary relationships. The phylogenetic trees presented in these studies recovered monophyletic genera with strong support, but …
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